the guide
Compound interest: how money grows on its own growth
By Shivam Bhandari · Reviewed 31 October 2026 · How we write
Compound interest is interest earned on both the original amount and the interest already added. Over time this ‘interest on interest’ makes money grow faster than simple interest.
The more often interest is compounded — yearly, quarterly or monthly — the slightly higher the final amount. Most bank deposits in India compound quarterly.
the formula
A = P × (1 + r ÷ k)^(k × t)
- · P = principal; r = annual rate (as a decimal); k = compounding periods per year; t = years.
- · Compound interest = A − P.
Worked example
- ₹1,00,000 at 8% a year for 5 years, compounded quarterly.
- Final amount ≈ ₹1,48,595 — compound interest of about ₹48,595.
- Simple interest over the same period would be ₹40,000.
Tips
- 1Start saving early — time is the biggest driver of compounding.
- 2Reinvest interest instead of withdrawing it.
- 3Compare the effective annual rate when products compound at different frequencies.
- 4Remember taxes and inflation reduce real returns.
Frequently asked questions
What is the formula for compound interest?
A = P × (1 + r ÷ k)^(k × t), where P is principal, r the annual rate, k the compounding frequency and t the number of years.
What is the difference between simple and compound interest?
Simple interest is calculated only on the principal; compound interest is calculated on the principal plus accumulated interest.
Does compounding frequency matter?
Yes, but modestly. More frequent compounding gives a slightly higher final amount at the same rate.
What is the rule of 72?
A quick estimate: divide 72 by the annual rate to find roughly how many years it takes money to double. At 8%, about 9 years.